Landmines found in Sudan

 The PMD-7 is a box mine, consisting of a two-piece wooden box. The lower section is a rectangular wooden box that houses the main TNT charge and the fuze detonator assembly. The lid section is hinged to the lower box at one end and is designed to cover over the lower box. When to mine is stepped on the lid is forced down onto the retaining pin of the MUV fuse thus setting off the mine.

 The PMN antipersonnel mine consists of a bakerlite lower body component, a plastic pressure plate, a black rubber pressure plate cover, a spring-loaded firing device, and the explosive components. The rubber cover is secured to the lower case component by a thin metal strap that is tightened with a key to the point that the mine is water proof . The PMN has been used extensively by the former Warsaw Pact and is possibly the most commonly encountered antipersonnel mine in the world. Copies of the PMN are produced by China and Iraq. 
 The POMZ-2 is a fragmentation stake mine consisting of a serrated cylindrical cast iron fragment sleeve, a 75 gram TNT charge, a MUV-type tripwire fuze, and a wooden stake. This mine is usually employed in covering vegetation with the top of the mine approximately 30cm above the ground with the tripwire attached to a fixed object. More than one POMZ-2 can be attached to a tripwire and more then one tripwire can be attached to a POMZ-2.

The VS-T illumination mine is used to warn of intruders in a protected area and to illuminate the area immediately surrounding the mine. The mine can be mounted on a stake or buried with the fuze exposed. The VS-T illumination mine’s illuminating power is approximately 15 Lux at 57 meters for 40 seconds.
 The PRB M409 is a plastic-bodied, circular antipersonnel mine. The fuze is a double percussion type with two opposing steel firing pins. The strikers are held apart by a sliding bolt attached to the pressure plate. When the bolt is displaced, the strikers are released and detonate the percussion caps.

The Chinese Type 69 AP mine is closely patterned after the former Soviet OZM-4. The main body consists if a cast iron fragmenting body which is propelled upwards to 1.5 metes from a sheet steel tube when initiated. It is estimated that the cast-iron body breaks into approximately 240 0.7-gram fragments. While the basic concept is from the former Soviet Union, the Chinese have developed their own fuze, which functions in either the pressure of tripwire role. The mine can also be command detonated.  
 The Type 72 antipersonnel mine is a small, plastic-bodied device. The newer model 72c is intended to function both as an antipersonnel mine and a boobytrap device. There have been reports that the type 72c is very sensitive and can be detonated in the presence of magnetic mine detectors.

The PMD-6M is a wooden version of a box or “shu” mine with a two-piece case. In the PMD-6M mines a metal clip has been added to the interior of the box to prevent direct pressure loading of the “T” pin on the fuze until it is stepped upon. The lower section is a rectangular wooden box housing the main TNT charge, the MUV-type fuze, and the detonator. The lid section is hinged to the lower box at one end and is designed to close over the lower box. In the armed position, the lid rests on a strikers retaining pin at the end of the fuze. Then pressure is applied, the lid removed the pin, beginning the initiation process. 
 The cylindrical OZM-4 bounding antipersonnel mine is the successor to the OZM-3. The mine consists of a cast-iron body, which is propelled into the air by the detonations of a small charge in the base of the mine. The ensuing fragmentation of the mine body during the blast creates a lethal radius of 15 meters

The American M16 is a bounding fragmentation mine with a cast-iron fragmentation sleeve inside a sheet of steel outer casing. The mine can be functioned either by pressure or tripwire. When initiated, two delay charged are ignited. The delay charge ignites the main charge when the mine is approximately 1 meter in the air. The main charge then expels cast-iron fragments in all directions. 
The M14 is a small plastic-bodied blast mine. In addition to the safety clip which must be removed before employment, the mine has a second safety feature. The pressure plate must be rotated from the safe position to the armed position or the plate cannot apply pressure to the belleville spring. The integral Belleville spring fuze and the safety features are contained in the upper portion of the mine. The lower portion contains 29 grams of tetryl. The only metal in the mine is the steel striker tip and the detonator, making the mine very difficult to detect.

 

 

 The Type 58 is the Chinese variant of the former Soviet designed PMN antipersonnel mine. Former Soviet manuals describing the PMN forbid troops to disarm this mine. They recommend that the mine be blown in place or exploded by mechanical means. Disarming this type of mine can prove incredibly dangerous in desert areas where sand has been known to jam the detonator/booster assemblies within the mine body.
 The T/79 is a small circular antipersonnel mine which was designed for air –scatterable delivery or be hand-emplaced. Since this mine is blast resistant, it will defeat land mine removal techniques such as explosive line charges and fuel air explosives.

 

 The No.4 is an Israeli-produced pressure-initiated, blast antipersonnel mine. It is an updated plastic version of the wooden No.3 mine. A downward pressure on the raised lid of the box forces the lid down and a notch in the side of the lid pulls the release pin from the fuze.
The MAUS is a flat cylinder mine that comprises two threaded steel retaining rings holding a neoprene pressure dome and plastic base against a threaded plastic mine body. This mine can be hand emplaced or scattered from up to 100 meters altitude at 100-m/s velocity

 

 The Valamara 69 is an Italian bounding fragmentation mine which is the successor to the Valmara 59. When the mine is set off the mine is propelled into the air an then is detonated at a predetermined height. The lethal radius of the mine is 20 meters, resulting from the 1200 pre-formed 5X5X5 mm steel fragments.
 The VS-Mk2 is a small, round, plastic Italian antipersonnel mine. Although it was designed to be scattered from helicopters, it is most often encountered having been emplaced by hand usually buried. The mine is blast resistant and will defeat most explosive countermeasures.

 

The cylindrical OZM-3 bounding fragmentation antipersonnel mine was produced after just World War II. The mine consists of a cast-iron body, which is propelled into the air by detonation of a small charge in the base of the mine. This mine could be command detonated, set off by a trip wire or by simple pressure. Upon ignition the main explosive charge explodes approximately 1.5 meters above ground. The ensuing fragmentation of the mine body results in a lethal radius of 10 meters. 


Contents © 1997 CAMEO Security

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